Wax is one of the oldest forms of textile resist and is perhaps the strongest. Natural beeswax, synthetic beeswax (microcrystalline), and paraffin wax are all used. Beeswax is naturally malleable and tacky and when mixed on a one to one ratio with paraffin wax creates the characteristic crackle in batik work. It may also be used for direct application at a ratio of 70% beeswax to 30% paraffin to create concise detail with no crackle. Wax is melted in a small metal container placed over an alcohol burner, or on a heating element. Do not exceed the melting point of 260° F., as the wax will begin to break down and discolor the fabric, and too high a temperature will cause unnecessary smoke. PROPER VENTILATION IN YOUR WORK AREA IS A MUST WHEN WORKING WITH HOT WAX. An excellent brush for applying hot wax is the Japanese Rofude brush. Otherwise, wax may be applied with many varieties of tjanting tools on the market. Wax requires ironing or drycleaning to remove it.